Innovation in Cosmetic Industry Free Essays

string(177) likewise perceive the current theory that organizations are best on the off chance that they have different item ideas in the pipeline at some random time, shaping an arrangement of projects. Theoretical : Innovation is one of the most significant issues in business research today. It has been concentrated in numerous free exploration customs. Our comprehension and investigation of advancement can profit by an integrative audit of these examination conventions. We will compose a custom exposition test on Advancement in Cosmetic Industry or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now In this manner, different subjects of thought have been distinguished and examined. Purchaser reaction to advancement, Organizations and development, which are progressively significant as item improvement turns out to be progressively perplexing and instruments increasingly compelling however requesting; procedures for item improvement forms, which have been changed through worldwide weights, progressively exact client input. Development is the center business competency of the 21st century. So as to contend and develop as well as to get by in a worldwide economy, organizations must advance. To date advancement has been drawn closer in a piecemeal manner regularly connected exclusively to the New Product Development (NPD) process. There has been an amazing increment in RD speculation by ventures at worldwide level over various years. The territory of RD in industry with the most noteworthy pace of development in the course of recent years has been in coordinated essential exploration. Advancement and the powerful administration of innovation have become a top need for countries just as organizations, to invigorate financial turn of events and reinforce their seriousness. Assignment of RD for the improvement of new organizations is viewed as a key development system by firms in many pieces of the world. New items are motors to development and success for all organizations in the assembling division or the administration segment. In this article, an endeavor has been made to investigate the drivers of new item execution, with a specific spotlight on corrective industry. PG is viewed as one of the organizations managing beauty care products with the best development systems, and henceforth it has been taken for instance for the examination. The Innovation Diamond is presented by PG as an integrative and controlling system to assist the executives with concentrating on what’s imperative to progress: advancement procedure, a strong plan to-dispatch process, portfolio the board and the correct atmosphere and initiative. (Watchwords : Innovation, RD, Cosmetic industry, PG, achievement, Product Development. ) INTRODUCTION : Innovation, the way toward putting up new items and administrations for sale to the public, is one of the most significant issues in business research today. Development is liable for raising the quality and bringing down the costs of items and administrations that have drastically improved consumers’ lives. By finding new answers for issues, development annihilates existing markets, changes old ones, or makes new ones. It can cut down goliath occupants while driving little untouchables into prevailing positions. Without advancement, occupants gradually lose the two deals and benefit as contenders advance past them. Advancement gives a significant premise by which world economies contend in the worldwide commercial center. Advancement is an expansive subject, and an assortment of controls address different parts of development, including promoting, quality administration, tasks the executives, innovation the board, hierarchical conduct, item improvement, vital administration, and financial aspects. Exploration on development has continued in numerous scholarly fields with deficient connections over those fields. For instance, research on advertise spearheading ordinarily doesn't interface with that on dispersion of advancements or the inventive plan of new items. By and large, advertising is all around situated to take an interest in the comprehension and the board of advancement inside firms and markets, on the grounds that an essential objective of advancement is to grow new or changed items for upgraded productivity. An important segment of gainfulness is income, and income relies upon fulfilling client needs better (or all the more productively) than contenders can fulfill those requirements. Exploration in advertising is characteristically client and contender centered, and in this way very much arranged to concentrate how a firm may better guide advancement to meet its gainfulness objectives effectively. To empower and encourage further examination on advancement in advertising, we look to gather, investigate, and assess research on development. Key objectives of this paper will be to give a structure to considering advancement over the fields, feature significant surges of exploration on development, recommend interrelationships, and give scientific categorization of related themes. Effective advancement lays on first understanding client needs and afterward creating items that address those issues. Our audit of the writing, hence, begins with our comprehension of clients and their reaction to and acknowledgment of development. Since we are keen on how firms benefit from development, the article will at that point survey authoritative issues related with effectively improving and with how associations embrace advancements. Client understanding and the authoritative setting are underpinnings to advancing effectively. They should be set up before continuing. At that point the progression of advancement will be examined. Achievement FACTORS IN AN Organization: Success factors for an association prevalently recognized in the examination papers are : †¢ Product advancement †¢ RD speculation †¢ Leadership responsibility, Clear comprehension of the company’s abilities, †¢ Strong association with the client and a profound comprehension of significant client issues, †¢ Willingness to take enormous however surely knew dangers. Item DEVELOPMENT : Once purchaser needs are comprehended and associations for advancing and techniques are set up, at that point starts the execution part of inn ovationâ€moving from having a procedure to considering an idea to conveying against that methodology, to structuring the last item and its assembling procedure, to at long last having an (ideally fruitful) business item. This segment looks at research that has tried to improve this procedure of item advancement (PD), which is prevalently prescriptive in nature. We start with a short audit of item improvement forms, at that point will talk about the exploration appropriate to every one of different phases of item advancement. Item DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES : The rising perspective in industry is of item advancement as a start to finish process that draws on promoting, designing, producing, and hierarchical turn of events. The center of this procedure is the item advancement pipe of chance ID, plan and building, testing, and dispatch. Past investigates perceives that, for a solitary effective item dispatch, disappointments will be many, albeit some might be reused, adjusted, and improved to become fruitful items. In any event, when an item has been in the commercial center, advancement proceeds as the firm ceaselessly looks for new chances and thoughts. Explores additionally perceive the current theory that organizations are best on the off chance that they have numerous item ideas in the pipeline at some random time, framing an arrangement of undertakings. You read Advancement in Cosmetic Industry in class Papers These tasks may identify with free items however progressively depend on composed stages to exploit regular segments and additionally economies of extension. Hazard is innate in item advancement; not many of the numerous ideas in a portfolio are probably going to be effective. Data to assess elective ideas is frequently blemished, hard to get, and difficult to incorporate into the association. For every achievement, the procedure starts with 6 to 10 ideas that are assessed and either dismissed or improved as they move from circumstance recognizable proof to dispatch. Exploration CHALLENGES : PD forms are just on a par with the individuals who use them. Organized procedures power assessment, however assessment forces both fiscal and time costs. Groups can be enticed to skip assessments or, more regrettable, legitimize progression with defective or deficient information. There are significant exploration chances to comprehend the ideal exchange offs among assessment costs, the inspirations of groups for precision, and the inspirations of groups for professional success. For instance, propelling an idea to the following stage in either a consecutive or winding procedure requires a hand-off. New colleagues must have adequate information to acknowledge the hand-off. In certain occurrences, the old colleagues are currently required to search for new projectsâ€a disincentive to propelling an idea through the entryway. Promoting, with its convention of examination on individuals, regardless of whether they are clients or item engineers, have many exploration streams that can illuminate and propel the hypothesis and practice of PD forms. Regardless of this, we have seen minimal conventional examination of the connection between advertising abilities and PD forms. The most basic exploration challenges around there incorporate, Improving the viability of non consecutive PD forms; Understanding which procedure is best in which circumstances; Understanding when it is proper to alter forms; Linking showcasing capacities and PD forms; Understanding the unequivocal and certain prizes and impetuses that urge PD groups to either maintain or dodge formal procedures. Both market direction and development have been distinguished as pivotal achievement factors in organizations. A positive effect of market direction and development on organization execution has been found in numerous businesses and under a wide scope of market attributes. Exploration on advertise direction is centered specifically around huge organizations. In any case, advertise direction is relied upon to be significant for little organizations just as enormous com

Between Harrison Bergeron and a&P

Tim Kenda English 102 Short Story Essay 2/28/10 Heroism Through Choice When individuals consider saints, they regularly consider muscle bound men in spandex with unreasonable forces of flight, quality, or x-beam vision. In any case, all things considered, legends are frequently decided dependent on the littlest of circumstances and their results. In both of the accounts I have picked (A&P and Harrison Bergeron), the fundamental characters are named saints in light of their readiness to oppose the authoritive powers around them, regardless of whether it be the head supervisor Lengel in A&P or the Handicapper General in Harrison Bergeron, just as their ability to strike out all alone as opposed to holding fast to social standards. In Harrison Bergeron, the principle character Harrison confronts a general public that endeavors to dull his individual characteristics by ripping off his physical impairments and incidentally freeing the entirety of the abused individuals viewing the TV for a second. In A&P, the fundamental character confronts his grim, Sunday school showing manager when he feels as if his supervisor has humiliated three female clients in a supermarket. Both Harrison and the clerk take care of their insubordination (Harrison gets murdered and the clerk loses his employment), and it is a result of the character’s magnanimity that the activities seem courageous. The two characters fit the meaning of a saint, the clerk for his readiness to lose his employment over what he esteems a wrong activity by his chief, and Harrison for ripping off (actually) the shackles that his general public has put on him in a battle to show his independence. The way that they played out these activities with no idea towards their own result helps plot their actual chivalrous characteristics. In the story A&P, the clerk shows a gallant quality when he leaves his place of employment because of an apparent affront made by his chief to three youngsters. While it initially has all the earmarks of being a perilous and ill-advised choice (leaving your place of employment over a clear slight made by your director to a young lady you don't have a clue), the fundamental factors really settle on this a courageous decision. At the point when the clerk stops the A&P, he isn't stopping as an immediate consequence of that one affront but instead he is stopping since he wouldn't like to work in what he sees as a severe and strict work environment. After he stops, he thinks back and sees â€Å"Lengel in [his] place in the space, checking the sheep through. † and afterward proceeds to portray Lengel by saying â€Å"His face was dim dark and his back firm, as though he’d simply had an infusion of iron. †(Updike 529). At the point when he sees Lengel in this state, he understands that minutes prior to that had been him. Toward the finish of the story, the clerk turns into an image of the contemplations of numerous youngsters during the late fifties and mid sixties. He wouldn't like to work in the equivalent troubling spot for as long as he can remember. He wouldn't like to be much the same as his folks and Lengel. Also, in spite of that reality that he realizes it will be hard, he settles on the choice to strike out all alone, and subsequently to retaliate against what he sees as a horrid and discouraging reality. That is a hard choice to make, and a gallant one too. Because of his activities, the clerk in A&P not just submits a chivalrous signal, he additionally turns into an image of the change that was occurring in the late fifties and mid sixties. Numerous youngsters by then were splitting ceaselessly from what their folks were doing and were courageously striking off onto their own ways, much the same as the saint in our story. The general topic of the story reflects a similar way, indicating the drear and the strain and the vulnerability that crawled into the American cognizant after the beginning of the virus war and the pre-adult inclination to show improvement over what ones guardians did. The clerk speaks to a significant number of America’s more youthful age in that angle. In the story Harrison Bergeron, the fundamental character is a â€Å"genius and an athlete† and is sent to prison for â€Å"suspicion of plotting to topple the legislature. †(Vonnegut 536). He at that point breaks out of prison and pronounces on national TV that he is the sovereign. Presently in our general public, these activities would be considered those of a maniac or a neurotic. Be that as it may, in his general public, Harrison’s activities are extremely courageous. At the point when Harrison rips off his debilitations and proclaims to the world he is sovereign, he speaks to the possibility that independence and rivalry are better than likeness and dreariness. His activities likewise speak to the decimation of the confinements that society has endeavored to put on him since he was extraordinary. Likewise, the way that he did this and was then slaughtered makes it considerably increasingly courageous. This gives us that Harrison’s genuine purpose was not to just assume control over the world, but instead his aim was to show everybody that they could be extraordinary and they could battle the constraints forced on them. The subject of this story is one of persecution and commonality, and thought that Harrison endeavors to demolish. Harrison turns into an image of opportunity and freedom, indicating us as perusers that it is conceivable to break liberated from social commonality in spite of the perhaps grave outcomes. In both Harrison Bergeron and A&P the primary characters in the story are viewed as brave for their eagerness to face authority and their capacity to submit what they see as â€Å"good† activities paying little heed to the outcomes they face. In the two stories society is a dull, abusive spot, and the characters battle against the mistreatment in their own one of a kind ways. What's more, eventually each character endures an outcome because of their activities. Be that as it may, in spite of these outcomes, which in the story were obvious before the characters submitted their activities, the two characters settled on their decisions dependent on what they accepted was correct. This is the reason the clerk and Harrison are both gallant figures in their accounts. Works Cited 1. Updike, John. _A&P. Writing and its Writers. Ed. _Ann Charters, Samuel Charters. Bedford/St. Martins, Boston. 2009. 2. Vonnegut, Kurt. _Harrison Bergeron. Writing and its Writers. _Ed. Ann Charters, Samuel Charters. Bedford/St Martins, Boston. 2009.

Strategic Management & Leadership Skills- Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain the one most Important exercise you adapted today in MBA 7512 class. It might be from course materials. 2.Provide one case of how you intend to apply this exercise in a particular circumstance in the working environment later on. In your model. Answers: 1.From the course, I have loved the subject of Strategic Management the most as it gives me the comprehension about how to keep up a harmony among the board and authority. The idea of key administration additionally permits me to investigate the authoritative qualities so as to make techniques. The primary explanation for the choice of Kolbs Learning Cycle is that it gives extraordinary comprehension about how to utilize the individual involvement with the work life to get achievement. Kolb's learning Styles Model The Kolbs Learning Cycle Model expresses that individuals gain from their background. It should be referenced that reflection is a significant part in this procedure. There are four phases in Kolbs Learning Cycle Model. They are Experience, Reflect, Conceptualize and Plan. Figure 1: Kolbs Learning Cycle (Source: Kolb, 2012) Stage 1 Experience: according to this stage, life is loaded with encounters from where we can learn. This experience can be from anyplace. Stage 2 Reflect: Reflection alludes to the way toward pondering the learning and the encounters. A few people are acceptable at reflecting while others should be prepared (Muscat Mollicone, 2012). Stage 3 Conceptualize: Conceptualize alludes to the way toward making theory about the encounters. Stage 5 Plan: Plan alludes to the way toward gaining from our encounters. 2.Kolbs Learning Cycle can be utilized to prepare the representatives of the association. According to the main stage, the representatives will be urged to encounter various parts of work in the associations. After this stage, the representatives will be urged to mirror their experience, as they will be urged to record their encounters from various sources. From that point forward, the representative will be urged to decipher their involvement with request to become familiar with their occupations viably. In the last stage, the way toward learning will be arranged. In this stage, a point by point plan will be made so as to give preparing and improvement to the workers. Kolbs Learning Cycle can be utilized to settle the grievances of the clients. In such manner, the representatives will be urged to utilize their encounters to perceive the issues. From that point onward, they will be urged to make procedures to determine those clients issues. References Kolb, A., Kolb, D. A. (2012). Kolbs learning styles. InEncyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning(pp. 1698-1703). Springer US. Muscat, M., Mollicone, P. (2012). Utilizing Kolb's learning cycle to improve the instructing and learning of mechanics of materials.International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education,40(1), 66-78.

Should Immigration Be Legalized - 1787 Words

The topic of immigration is a very touchy in America. Some Americans are all for the idea of legalization. Others are adamantly against it. However, most Americans have never even looked into the topic of legalization. They don’t know the pros and the cons of legalizing immigrants from different countries on the planet. Though most are ignorant to the topic, others are very passionate about it. They either fight for it or they fight against it. Immigrants come to the United States from all over the world and contribute to the economy in various ways, which is the main reason that immigration should be legalized. Immigration is something everyone should care about and consider for several reasons. For one, immigration has a huge impact on education, jobs, poverty, healthcare, taxes, wages, and even the environment. Today, the U.S. is experiencing its lowest labor participation rate in the last 35 years. Only 62.6% of the working age population is employed. 55 million native-born Americans between the ages of 18 to 64 are not in the labor force. In 2012, 10.5 million students from immigrant headed households attended public schools. Immigrants and their children account for one-quarter of all U.S. residents living in poverty. Between 2000-2010, new immigrants and their children account for two-thirds of the increase in the uninsured population. Illegal immigrants costs U.S. taxpayers $113 billion annually. This equals $996 per household headed by a native-born resident. TheShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Problem Of Illegal Immigration981 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration in the Uni ted States? In this report I will be stating some solutions about illegal immigration. The problem about illegal immigration is millions of illegal aliens cross our border and get in this country successfully. When they get in the country they steal our jobs and pay not taxes as they live in this country. But the president promises to us that they are improving the security of the border and no illegal aliens are getting in this country unless they get legalized. But inRead MoreLegalizing Undocumented Immigrants : America1692 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America should provide a pathway to legalizing the roughly eleven million undocumented immigrants that actively contribute to this great nation. The harm that legalizing that many immigrants would cause are minimal when compared to the many benefits it would bring this country. This country was populated by immigrants. Going back to the roots of this country, this land belonged to the Native Americans. Throughout the history of America, immigration has always been present. InRead MoreIllegal Immigration Is Necessary For American Society866 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration is currently flooding the labor market, primarily in the low-skill, low-wage sectors, and driving down wages and working conditions for many Americans because of our immigration policies. As a result, illegal immigrants have a negative effect on the economy as they do not pay taxes and take benefits they do not deserve. The extent of illegal immigration has reached such enormous proportions that a reform of the immigration is vitally necessary for American society. It is not tenableRead MoreThe Immigration Crisis Of The United States1039 Words   |  5 Pages The immigration crisis Akash Patel Economics 3rd Period One of the biggest crises the United States fracases is illegal immigrant. Even though we know about the problem we don’t do anything that is effective. Because of illegal immigrant people born and raised in America are losing jobs. The current immigration crisis in the US is years of mishandling and gone bad. Many of the current immigrants here were originally here. This mentality has led to a hugeRead MoreIllegal Immigration in America Essay857 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal immigration at the U.S. - Mexico border is a growing problem, and the death toll is rising as more people are attempting to illegally enter the United States. As a result of an increasing number of people trying to enter into the United States illegally, the border is now being guarded by an increasing number of border patrol officers. The United States implemented different laws and operations to prevent more illegal immigration from Mexico into the United States. The ‘Operation Gatekeeper’Read MoreIllegal Immigrants : A Controversial And Key Immigration Issue1225 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States is a controversial and key immigration issue. Our Author John Savant (2009) talks about illegal immigrants in his article â€Å" Imaging the Immigrant: Why legality must give way to humanity†. He is a professor of English at Dominican University of California. Illegal immigrants immigrate in search of a better life. On the other side author Lamar Smith (2014) talks about legalization of illegal immigrant in his article â€Å" Should illegal immigrants be legalized†? Rep. Lamar Smith is the former chairmanRead MoreWhat Are You Going?1637 Words   |  7 Pagesand to fulfill their American dream. Illegal immigration has been a widely discussed topic in politics in the US. An illegal immigrant is a non-citizen who has entered the United States without government permission or stayed beyond the termination date of a visa. Illegal immigration is a controversy we can no longer be oblivious. Surprisingly not very many American are informed enough about the topic to make a choice of being pro illegal immigration reform or against. If everyone would speak upRead MoreThe Democratic Party And The Republican Party1580 Words   |  7 Pagestheir liberal views. The Democratic Party tends to be more liberal and support the views like same sex marriage, immigration, and social and economic equality. Many of the views the party stands for and beliefs tie to my beliefs. Some of the key priorities of the Democratic Party are the Economy, Poverty and Homelessness, Education, Healthcare Policy, Social Security and Medicare, Immigration, and Gun Policy. First, as a new Democratic nominee running for President their economic positions are madeRead MoreImmigration Reform : Illegal Immigration1697 Words   |  7 Pages Back in 2007 there were several concerns over immigration as a whole and exploding proportions of illegal immigrants crossing the border in the Arizona area. Arizona attempted to resolve the influx of people across the border by imposing heavy fines on employers hiring illegal immigrants. At that time in Arizona there was a democratic governor Janet Napolitano that continually vetoed the Arizona’s legislature attempt to reduce illegal immigration. In 2009 the state replaced the Democratic governorRead MoreCitizenship For The 12 Million Illegal Immigrants920 Words   |  4 PagesThe statement that, â€Å"our nation interests require a path to citizenship for the 12 million illegal immigrants presently here,† is highly controversial. Immigration was the foundation of the United States and the U.S. still welcomes 1 million new citizen every year. However, the issue is not the amount of immigrants coming into the U.S., but the half a million that are entering illegally. In the Miller Center of Public Affairs Debate discussing this topic, two parties participate in discussing the

The Mending Wall Robert Frost Analysis - 889 Words

The Mending Wall, a poem written by Robert Frost, outlines the human instinct of placing boundaries and the necessity of them. He does so using a scenario in which two neighbors go through great lengths to maintain a fence between their homes. They barely associate themselves with one another, and they rarely see each other except for when they are repairing the fence that keeps them separated. I feel that I am able to connect with this piece especially well because throughout my life I have held similar metaphorical walls around myself. Thus, this piece identifies a major part of my nature I have always been relatively conscious of the way I act in public. So much so, that my parents and friends have often told me that I have two†¦show more content†¦Likewise, I maintain boundaries in my daily life and use them to dictate my relationships. Another idea that came up during our discussion is the idea of introversion within the piece. I have always leaned towards being an introvert. I often like to wall myself off from others when I am feeling uncomfortable or not at my best. In the poem, Frost states, â€Å"To each the boulders that have fallen to each† (16). This line means that each person deals with his or her own problems. This idea is representative of my own way of thinking. I prefer to keep to myself. In my opinion, it is better to mind your own business than to nose your way into other people’s business. A similar idea of introversion earlier in the poem: â€Å"And on a day we meet to walk a line / And set this wall between us once again† (13-14). This is one of the few times that the two characters meet. It is ironic that one of their few interactions is to repair the fence that separates them in the first place. This expresses truly how alone people are as a result of hiding behind their bo undaries. It is a representation of the introversion shown in both the poem and myself. I think that Frost’s intention with revealing this is to bring light to the loneliness of living behind a wall. Living behind a wall has its consequences and thus is not always good. To be honest, this is a topic that I have always been somewhat self-conscious about. Reading and understandingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Robert Frost is describing a process in Mending Wall, which is repairing a wall that separates his territory and his neighbors. The wall was deteriorated during the winter, when the cold frost created cracks and gaps in the wall. He uses a nearly infantile imagination to unravel the mystery of the damage that appeared suddenly in spring. While they are tediously laboring to reconstruct the fence, Frost is imploring his neighbor about the useRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s The Mending Wall 1311 Words   |  6 PagesIn Robert Frost the Mending Wall it is about the obligation of boundaries and the deceiving influences employed to abolish them. The poem shows how two individuals have different opinions on a wall that divides their properties. As the poem goes on, one would think that there is a connection between the two, through the rebuilding of the wall every spring. Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy have many similarities as well as differences, on one hand you have a rich and depressed individual that is admiredRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost2085 Words   |  9 PagesAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Robert Frost was inspired to write Mending Wall after talking with one of his farming friend Napoleon Guay. He learned from talking with his neighbor that writing in the tones of real life is an important factor in his poetic form (Liu,Tam). Henry David Thoreau once stated that, â€Å"A true account of the actual is the purest poetry.† Another factor that might have played a role in inspiring Frost to write this poem was his experience of living on a farmRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s Mending Wall Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesthe shared theme in the works of Robert Frost, John Darley Bibb Latanà ©, and Barbara Kingsolver, which unite to tell us that this kind of lifestyle is flawed and must come to an end. In Robert Frost’s narrative poem, â€Å"Mending Wall†, the first theme of reclusiveness is revealed through the frustration that the narrator has against the wall that keeps him and his neighbors apart. The poem tells of a story where two characters have a conflicting view of a stone wall that divides them, in which theRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of Mending Wall By Robert Frost840 Words   |  4 Pagessetting of a poem can help propose the message the author means to pass on. Mending Wall by Robert Frost appears to occur in a country side estate. The narrator and his neighbor are fixing a wall together which isolates their properties. All through the poem, the reader implies that the narrator and his neighbor have distinctive thoughts regarding the reason the wall exists. While a few people respect the ways that walls hold things in, others stress over what they keep out. The narrator appearsRead MoreThe Interlopers By Saki And Mending Wall By Robert Frost Compar ison And Analysis747 Words   |  3 PagesInterlopers by Saki and Mending Wall by Robert Frost show how the traditions can change or stay the same through a long period of time. In Saki’s The Interlopers, two families fight over the ownership of a piece of land, and only through them sharing a horrible experience, do they learn the error of their ways. When a tree falls on them both, one offers wine to the other, which was a huge change in the story from wanting to kill each other, to being friends. In Robert Frost’s Mending Wall, two neighbors haveRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s `` Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening `` And `` Mending Wall ``1817 Words   |  8 Pages Robert Frost was an American poet born on March 26, 1874. Living to the age of eighty eight, Frost was able to become an accomplished poet in his lifetime, creating beautiful works of art through his words. In many of his poems one can find similar themes that discuss intense feelings and idea s about isolation and loneliness in one’s life, such as in â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† and â€Å"Mending Wall†. Each of the following poems discussed will demonstrate that throughout Robert Frost’sRead MoreRobert Frosts Mending Wall1210 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis Mending Wall, By Robert Frost In Mending Wall, Robert Frost uses a series of contrasts, to express his own conflict between tradition and creation. By describing the annual ritual of two neighbors repairing the wall between them, he contrasts both neighbors through their ideas and actions, intertwining the use of parallelism and metaphors, in order to display his own innermost conflict as a poet; the balance between what is to be said and what is to be left to the reader, the balanceRead MoreThe Dark Side of Robert Frost’s Nature Essay2339 Words   |  10 PagesRobert Frost is known for his poems about nature, he writes about trees, flowers, and animals. This is a common misconception, Robert Frost is more than someone who writes a happy poem about nature. The elements of nature he uses are symbolic of something more, something darker, and something that needs close attention to be discovered. Flowers might not always represent beauty in Robert Frost’s poetry. Symbolism is present in every line of the nature’s poet’s poems. The everyday objects presentRead MoreEssay about The Dark Side of Humanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry991 Words   |  4 PagesThe Dark Side of Humanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry Robert Frost is often referred to as a poet of nature. Words and phrases such as fire and ice, flowers in bloom, apple orchards and rolling hills, are all important elements of Frosts work. These ‘benign objects provide an alternative way to look at the world and are often used as metaphors to describe a darker view of nature and humans. In Frosts poetry, the depth is as important as the surface. The darker aspects of Frosts poetry

The Main Diagnostic Components Of Anorexia Nervosa

2) What are the main diagnostic components of anorexia nervosa? What are the two types in the coding notes? How is severity evaluated? In order to be diagnosed AN, there are several components to be considered in a person. A person suffering from AN refuses to maintain a body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for their age and height. In addition, they also have an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat even though they may be underweight. Another factor is a distorted perception of how one experiences, their body’s weight, and shape. There is also an undue influence of their body weight/shape upon their own self-evaluation, which may potentially deny the seriousness of the current low body weight. Although males can suffer from AN, the last indication of an AN is based on an absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles among females. However, there are two types of AN which are coded and evaluated differently among the mental health community. These two different types are identified as a restricted type and a binge eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa. As each are coded different among the notes, the restricted type of AN is considered when self-starvation is not associated with concurrent purging such as self-inducing vomiting or the use of laxatives. On the other hand, the binge eating/purging type of AN is when a person regularly engages in purging activities to help control their weight gain. As a person struggles with AN, it isShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa889 Words   |  4 Pagessuffer from one of the three main eating disorders. Many people suffer from more than one of the eating disorders. Only 1 in 10 individuals receive the treatment that is needed to recover(ANDA). Often eating disorders are known to be triggered by outside factors in their life, but studies show that it is more likely to be a part of their genetics. According to Webster the definition of an â€Å"Eating Disorder† is â€Å"Any of several psychological disorders (as anorexia nervosa or bulimia) characterized byRead MoreThe Westernization of Eastern Countries Is Increasing the Frequency and Severity of Eating Disorders2046 Words   |  8 Pagesappearing more and more in developing countries such as China and Korea. Eating disorders like Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are fairly new psychological disorders comparatively, and did not originate anywhere else except for the Western world. For example, in the United States today, approximately 24 million people of all ages and genders suffer from an eating disorder such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder (â€Å"Eating . . . 2013). For the past 30 years, America has beenRead MoreMental Illness Is A Serious Growing Issue1949 Words   |  8 Pagescommon mental disorders that affect tens of millions of Americans every year. However, there are several mental disorders that are more commonly seen in recent times among adolescents including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and anorexia nervosa. These three mental disorders can progress to a point where they may completely interfere with a patient’s life. These three mental disorders will be discussed in the detail they are currently being studied and what has been found, thus far.Read MoreEating Disorders: Types, Differences, and Treatment3730 Words   |  15 Pageslife-threatening. The major eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating (compulsive eating), and pica. These disorders affect people from different age groups, social economic statuses (SES), adults, and children (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000). A description of the recognized types of eating disorders, their differences, and their treatments follows: Anorexia Nervosa The essential features of anorexia nervosa are a fear of being fat and a compulsion to beRead MoreEffects Of Eating Disorders On Children And Adolescents2521 Words   |  11 Pageschildren and adolescents, eating disorders can overlap in many instances. As an example, some children alternate between periods of anorexia and bulimia. Eating disorders typically develop during adolescence or early adulthood. However, research has shown that they can start in childhood, too. Females are much more vulnerable. Only an estimated 5% to 15% of people with anorexia or bulimia are male. With binge eating, the number rises to 35% male (American Psychological Association, 2000). It is importantRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Among Adolescent Females : Primacy, Causation, And Treatment3219 Words   |  13 Pages Anorexia Nervosa Among Adolescent Females: Primacy, Causation, and Treatment UIN: 657124582 Psychology 270, Fall/2014 – Instructor Professor K. Reyes University of Illinois at Chicago Abstract Anorexia nervosa is a deadly eating disorder that has been an increasing problem over recent years for this generation, especially in adolescent females. Since almost everyone can access the media whenever and wherever they want, our society has been constantly shown images that have shapedRead MoreThe Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1865 Words   |  8 PagesMental illnesses and their symptoms are intricate experiences that have the ability to be conceived and measured both categorically and dimensionally. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) relies substantially on a categorical application, but requires review of the dimensional temperament of mental disorders. Eating Disorders (ED) have become an abode for implications for meeting criteria of diagnosis. Categorical classifications and details are habitually functional yetRead MoreClinical And Normative Sample Populations1686 Words   |  7 Pagesthe hospital or mental health care (Smink, Hoeken, Hoek, 2012). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for eating disorders which was revised in 2013 (American Psychiatry Association, 2013), the current classification categories for eating disorders include Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Binge Eating Disorders (BED). Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are united by a distinctive core psychopathology, which is essentially the same in femaleRead MoreOutcome 1 Know the Main Forms of Mental Ill Health2124 Words   |  9 PagesUnderstand mental health problems (CMH 302) Outcome 1 Know the main forms of mental ill health 1. Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (dsm/icd) classification system: Mood Disorders Mood disorder is the term designating a group of diagnoses in the Diagnostic and statistic manual of mental disorders (DSM IV TR) classification system where a disturbance in the persons mood is hypothesized to be the main underlying feature. The classification is known as mood (affective)Read MoreOvercoming Anorexia Nervosa2103 Words   |  9 Pagesdiscuss the etiology, effects, and criteria needed for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa from a biopsychosocial approach. In addition, this paper will discuss the treatments, approaches and multicultural issues associated with this multifaceted disorder. It will conclude with a discussion surrounding my research and understanding of anorexia nervosa in the field of abnormal psychology. Overview of Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is a complex psychiatric illness characterized by distorted eating behaviors

Marxism Essay Example For Students

Marxism Essay How convincing was the Marxist critique of the capitalist state?This next unit of theory is entitled Ideology and Discourse. The theorists were examiningAlthusser, Bakhtin, and Foucaultare discussing how ideology works, and how ideologies construct subjects. All of these theorists are coming from a Marxist perspective, using ideas and terms developed in Marxist theory, though only Althusser actually claims to be a Marxist. So to start off, I want to talk a bit about some basic ideas of Marxist theory. Marxism is a set of theories, or a system of thought and analysis, developed by Karl Marx in the nineteenth century in response to the Western industrial revolution and the rise of industrial capitalism as the predominant economic mode. Like feminist theory, Marxist theory is directed at social change; Marxists want to analyze social relations in order to change them, in order to alter what they see are the gross injustices and inequalities created by capitalist economic relations. My c apsule summary of the main ideas of Marxism, however, will focus on the theoretical aspects more than on how that theory has been and is applicable to projects for social change. As a theory, Marxism is pretty complicated. You can think of Marxism as being three types of theory in one: philosophy, history, and economics. First, Marxism is a philosophical movement; Marxs ideas about human nature, and about how we know and function in the world come from traditions articulated by Hegel, Feuerbach, Kant, and other German philosophers. All of these guys, including Marx, are interested in the relation between materialist and idealist philosophy. As a philosopher, Marx helps create and define a branch of philosophy called DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM. Materialism in general is the branch of Western philosophy from which science (Aristotelian or Newtonian) comes. Materialist philosophy is based on empiricism, on the direct observation of measurable or observable phenomena; materialist philosoph y is interested in studying how the human mind, via the senses, perceives external reality, and particularly with the idea of how we know things objectively, without the interference of emotions or preconceived ideas about things. Materialist philosophy often wants to ask how we know something is real, or, more specifically, how we know that what is real IS real, and not the product of our mental processes (which are subjective). The dialectical part of dialectical materialism comes from the Greek idea of dialogue, which means to argue. Marxs view of the idea of dialectic comes from Hegel, who thought that no ideas, social formations, or practices were ever eternal or fixed, but were always in motion or flux (something like Derridas play). Hegel said that this motion or flux or change happens in a certain pattern, which he called a dialectic. Hegel says, change occurs as the result of a struggle between two opposed forces, which then get resolved into a third entity. Hegels model of change looks like this: you start with a proposition or a position, which he calls a thesis; the thesis then stands in opposition to another position, which he calls the antithesis (and thus far it does work like our old friend the binary opposition). But then the struggle between thesis and antithesis is resolved into a third position, or set of ideas or practices, which Hegel calls the synthesis. Then, of course, the synthesis eventually becomes a thesis, with an antithesis, and the whole process starts over. But that, says Hegel, is how change happensby the continual struggle between thesis, antithesis, and synthesis. In addition to being a kind of philosophy, Marxism is also a way to understand history. In this sense, Marxism belongs to a kind of historicism called HISTORICAL MATERIALISM, which shows that history, or social change, occurs via human forces, and not because of God, destiny, or some unknown non-human force that shapes events. Historical materialism is materialist because it is interested in how humans have created material culture, i.e. tools, objects, the material things that we use to live our lives every day, and in how this material culture has formed the basis for historical change. The historical materialist view of history thus holds that the moving forces of social organizationsthe forces that make change, that make historyare people .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .postImageUrl , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:hover , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:visited , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:active { border:0!important; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:active , .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u846ac29e1f87c4d873e0e22c711028ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Un-Victorian Tenets Of Browning In Karshish Essay Thesis

Cloud Computing in Network Security

Security in Cloud Computing Systems vs. Non-Cloud Computing System Cloud computing is a new technology that has attracted huge attention from all sectors (Shaikh Haider 2011, p. 214; Shaikh Sasikumar 2012, p. 4). In non-cloud computing system, data owners have direct control over their data hence they are able to physically administer data security. In contrast, in cloud computing, data owners are unable to trust the cloud since the technology is located away from their trusted sphere. As a result, the likelihood of data loss or leakage is high (Bhayal 2011, p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Cloud Computing in Network Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In non-cloud computing technology, sensitive data stored in a computer is encrypted by the owner to prevent unlawful access. In contrast, in cloud computing, the cloud provider encrypts customer’s data before it is stored in the cloud. Nonethe less, even the most effective encryption method is susceptible to hacking. Therefore, the third party auditors (TPAs) are commonly used to establish trust between auditors and data owners as well as ensure integrity of client’s data stored in the cloud. This implies that TPA can turn out to be the weakest link and result in data loss or leakage (Bhayal 2011, p. 3). Therefore, whereas data integrity in non-cloud computing can be monitored by data owners, this is not the case in cloud computing because data integrity check in executed via TPA, an intermediate link which is susceptible to security risks (Garber 2011, p. 21; Bisong Rahman 2011, p. 30; Wang et al., 2002, p. 1). Additional security requirements for cloud computing systems Confidentiality The cloud computing system is currently offered on public networks. Consequently, the technology is more susceptible to attacks compared to those offered in private data centres (Zhou et al., 2010, p. 107). Cryptography and physic al isolation are the two primary techniques used by cloud providers to ensure data confidentiality. Since cloud technology is provided on a public network platform, network middleboxes (i.e. packet filters, firewalls) and virtual Local Area Networks (LANs) can be installed to realize virtual physical isolation. Data confidentiality in the cloud can also be augmented by encrypting data before storage (Zhou et al., 2010, p. 108; Wang et al., 2011, p. 282). Data integrity There are several techniques that can be adopted to secure data integrity in the cloud. For example, Zetta system is a storage service that ensures data integrity. Zetta system uses Redundant Array of Independent Nodes 6 (RAIN-6) for main data hosting services and lends credence to data integrity. RAIN-6 can restore bit errors and drive failure that may arise from memory corruption, power shortages and network malfunction. This data integrity attribute is realized via data placement by means of node stripping (Zhou et al., 2010, p. 108). Digital signature is also used to test data integrity. For instance, HDFS and GFS typically split data in bulky volumes into smaller blocks. Digital signatures are then appended on each block before the data is physically stored (Zhou et al., 2010, p. 109; Azab 2012, p. 3).Advertising Looking for report on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Availability In cloud computing systems the aim of availability is to ensure that remote users can access infrastructures and applications from anytime. Redundancy and hardening are used to augment the availability of cloud computing system. Virtual machines are used to augment availability of cloud systems to end-users. For instance, the virtual machine Xen can provide several services such as storage virtualization and separated memory virtualization which are hosted on various commodity PCs. Consequently, cloud vendors can provide their customers with different resources (i.e. memory space, storage capacity) from Amazon. In essence, all these services are hosted by the virtual machine since cloud providers rely on it to link servers and to offer a robust, scalable system. In addition, established cloud suppliers provide geographic redundancy in their cloud systems in order to boost availability of infrastructures and platform in a single cloud Zhou et al., 2010, p. 107; Ramgovind et al., 2010, p. 4). Entity authentication Entity authentication is undoubtedly a major issue in accessing cloud services. AAA can be deployed in cloud computing to manage entity authentication process. When a user attempts to access the cloud system, his/her authentication data is checked by AAA. AAA then selects appropriate IDS with security level that matches the anomaly level of the user. AAA then asks the host OS to assign guest OS image for the user. Once the entity is authenticated, AAA obtains the user’s generated anomaly level by examinin g the user’s data in the database (Lee et al., 2011, p. 553). Multifactor authentication, virtual private networks (VPNs), intrusion detection systems (IDSs) and intrusion prevention systems (IPSs) can also be used to augment entity authentication in the cloud. TCP and TPM mechanisms can be integrated in cloud services to trace and locate users. This is because the user’s identity is verified by the entity’s private keys entrenched in TPM or BIOS hardware. Consequently, users are unable to fake their identity when they attempt to access cloud services (Shen Tong 2010, p. 13). Message origination authentication Message origination authentication is the ability to verify the validity of the source of data received via cloud computing system. There are various technologies that can be used to accomplish this goal.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Cloud Computing in Network Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, infostructure technology may be used to encrypt message to prevent data tampering during transportation (Peterson 2010, p. 83). Gateway security technology can also be used to provide message security services such as message integrity (using XML), encrypted message via XML encryption and message authentication via XML Signature (Peterson 2010, p. 85). Timeliness Integrity measurement is one of the major issues in developing trust in the cloud system. In order to address this issue, TOCTTOU (Time of Check to Time of Use) can be used to ensure consistency of integrity past the measurement time. Since runtime susceptibility in the user programs can be employed to alter the measured program or bypass the measurement procedure before they perform, HIMA can be used to prevent alterations on the measured user programs (Azab 2012, p. 28). Non-repudiation (origin) Repudiation in the existing cloud storage platform is poorly managed since the one-way integ rity is only authenticated by a one-way SSL session. Consequently, cloud users are unable to determine whether the data sent via the cloud is altered (Feng et al., 2010, p. 4). Non-repudiation in data transmission can be realized if the sender appends non-repudiation of origin (NRO) to the message before sending it. The sender must also attach IDs (i.e. the TTP, the recipient and the sender) in the plaintext message. The evidence must also include the hash of the data and the hash result of these IDs (Feng et al., 2010, p. 6). Non-repudiation (destination) During data transmission, the receiver must corroborate the authenticity of data received via a process called non-repudiation of receipt (NRR). To attain non-repudiation, the sender must use his/her personal key to sign the hash value. When data transmission is done, the receiver gets NRR (from the sender) while the sender gets NRO from the receiver. Thus, non-repudiation protocol can be used to verify the integrity of the data t ransmitted (Feng et al., 2010, p. 6). Authorization The client nodes can be used in the cloud platform to authorize access to data in the clouds. Identity and Access Management (IAM) is another protocol that can be used to manage users accessing data in the cloud. In addition, sign-on capability function can be adopted in the cloud system to enable cloud users access cloud services easily (Reddy Reddy 2011, p. 7152; Gruschka Jensen 2010, p. 276). Access control Airavat can be adopted in the cloud systems to control access to data stored in the clouds. Airavat employs decentralized information flow control (DIFC) to prevent unauthorized access to data in the clouds. For instance, Airavat stops Mappers from transmitting data via unprotected network connections. In addition, Airavat can execute privacy-preserving computations within the MapReduce system thereby enabling cloud users to add their personal mappers (Zhou et al., 2010, p.109).Advertising Looking for report on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Traffic flow confidentiality Traffic flow confidentiality is a critical issue in cloud computing (Vouk 2008, p. 235). Nonetheless, this problem can be resolved by using web applications such as TLS protocols to encrypt data before transmitting it via the cloud platform. In addition, access controls (i.e. authentication, authorization) can provide confidentiality of data transmitted via cloud systems (Reddy Reddy 2011, p.7152). References Azab, M 2012, New System Security Mechanisms for the Cloud Computing Infrastructure, UMI Dissertation Publishing, North Carolina. Bhayal, S 2011, A Study of Security in Cloud Computing, UMI Dissertation Publishing, Ann Arbor. Bisong, A Rahman, S 2011, ‘An Overview of the Security Concerns in Enterprise Cloud Computing’, International Journal of Network Security Its Applications, vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 30-45. Feng, J, Chen, Y, Ku, W Liu, P 2010, Analysis of Integrity Vulnerability and a Non-repudiation Protocol for Cloud Data Storage Plat forms, Systems and Technology Group, IBM Endicott, NY. Garber, L 2011, ‘Serious security Flaws Identified in Cloud Systems’, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 21-23. Gruschka, N Jensen, M 2010, ‘Attack Surfaces: A Taxonomy for Attacks on Cloud Services’, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 276-279. Lee, J, Park, M, Eom, J Chung, T 2011, ‘Multi-level Intrusion Detection System and Log Management in Cloud Computing’, ICACT, pp. 552-555. Peterson, G 2010, ‘A security Architecture stack for the Cloud’, IEEE Security Privacy, pp. 83-86. Ramgovind, S, Eloff, M Smith, E 2010, ‘The Management of Security in Cloud Computing’, IEEE, pp.1-7. Reddy, V Reddy, L 2011, ‘Security Architecture of Cloud Computing’, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 3 no. 9, pp. 7149-7155. Shaikh, F Haider, S 2011, ‘Security in Cloud Computing’, IEEE, pp. 214-219. Shaikh, R Sasikumar, M 2012, ‘Securi ty Issues in Cloud Computing: A Survey’, International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 44 no. 19, pp. 4-10. Shen, Z Tong, Q 2010, ‘The Security of Cloud Computing System enabled by Trusted Computing Technology’, IEEE, vol. 2, pp. 11-15. Vouk, M 2008, ‘Cloud Computing: Issues Research and Implementations’, Journal of Computing Information Technology, vol. 4 pp. 235-246. Wang, C, Carzaniga, A, Evans, D Wolf, A 2002, ‘security Issues and requirements for Internet-Scale Publish-Subscribe Systems’, IEEE, pp. 1-8. Wang, C, Wang, Q Ren, K 2011, ‘Towards Secure and Effective Utilization over Encrypted Cloud Data’, IEEE, pp. 282-286. Zhou, M, Zhang, R, Xie, W, Qian, W Zhou, A 2010, ‘Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing: A Survey’, IEEE, pp. 105-112. This report on Cloud Computing in Network Security was written and submitted by user Ada O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Market Systems essays

Free Market Systems essays The concept of economic society in the middle Ages, and forces of change were different from region to region and from century to century. Modern market societies were beginning to manifest in the medieval cities of Italy and Holland from the tenth to seventeens centuries to the seventeenth and into the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in some places. I will discuss what agents were powerful enough to effect changes need to bring about the free market society. First I will start with list of key concepts and terms Feudalism influential forces of change included these forces Itinerant Merchants initiated trade, money, and the keen characteristics of feudalism life Urbanization a by product of the Itinerant merchant slow urbanization of medieval life as for example one house hold per year. Crusades were only a cause of European economic development, also a symptom of the development that had previously taken place, and the introduction of new ideals to which the church was vigorously apposed Unifying commerce supporting national sales The age of exploration and of the gold from Spanish mines of Mexico and Peru The emergence of new religious ideals sympathetic of business Organization of set monetary dues with in the manorial system As result of these forces we see separation of economic from social life which no longer fit with the norm of religion, social, and political customs and practices, but form a distinct area of social life it self. The advent of free laborers, and landlords selling his or her services on the market for land and capital and labor which also created different classes entering the market among these new relationships was the wage labor but the owner of the product was the employer. Unlike the previous periods for instance labor was something done by slaves or as the word the book uses serfs to build pyramids, cathedrals that were ow...

Organization Behaviour - management (MBA Level) Essay

Organization Behaviour - management (MBA Level) - Essay Example tatement is that a learning organization should focus on the incessant learning and the improvement of potential, not limited in just senior management but also in all employees within the company, and in the business partners of the company such to satisfy stakeholders’ needs. Senge (1990) has the similar viewpoints on the continuous process of organizational transformation, which he defines organizational learning as a strategy that helps members of an organization to constantly develop their capability to generate the results that match their aspirations, where new and extensive ways of thinking are cultivated, where shared goals are liberated, as well as where people are constantly acquiring knowledge on how to learn collectively. Braham (1995) also has a similar view of organizational learning. He argues that it is the responsibility of organizations to ensure that members are exposed to learning opportunities and that learning is not hindered to continuously build their capacity and empower them to expand their perspective in approaching day to day tasks. Lifelong learning is part of organizational learning that helps individuals to approach problems with sophistication. Organizational learning requires the application of learning methods for individuals in the organization, teams as well as the entire organization to constantly transform it towards the course that is progressively more satisfactory to the interested parties. The other implication of organizational learning is that the self-development of individuals within the organization should be seen as a whole by integrating each individual’s learning together in it. According to these definitions, it can easily to be seen that continuous learn ing/transformation and stakeholders’ satisfaction are two of the key elements of organizational learning. Organizational learning is a constant and purposefully applied process incorporated and running at the same time as the organizational activities,

Inflation targeting has proved to be a successful strategy in many Essay

Inflation targeting has proved to be a successful strategy in many industrialized countries, but this may be only due to the fact that central banks have not be - Essay Example First, I will introduce the notion of inflation targeting, then I will look at the literature review of inflation targeting as well as speak aboutunfavorable shocks that make influence the policy, ultimately I will drow on the conlclusion as wether inflation targeting has proved to be a successful strategy in many industrialized countries or that it was only due to the fact that central banks have not been hit by strong unfavorable shocks. InflÐ °tiÐ ¾n tÐ °rgeting is Ð ° mÐ ¾netÐ °ry-pÐ ¾licy strÐ °tegy thÐ °t wÐ °s intrÐ ¾duced in New ZeÐ °lÐ °nd in 1990, hÐ °s been very successful, Ð °nd hÐ °s nÐ ¾w been Ð °dÐ ¾pted by mÐ ¾re thÐ °n 20 industriÐ °lized Ð °nd nÐ ¾n- 2% in the U.K. Ð °nd 2.5% in NÐ ¾rwÐ °y. (Mishkin, Eakins, 2006) The difference between these fÐ ¾rms dÐ ¾es nÐ ¾t seem tÐ ¾ mÐ °tter in prÐ °ctice: Ð  centrÐ °l bÐ °nk with Ð ° tÐ °rget rÐ °nge seems tÐ ¾ Ð °im fÐ ¾r the middle Ð ¾f the rÐ °nge, Ð °nd the edges Ð ¾f the rÐ °nge Ð °re nÐ ¾rmÐ °lly interpreted Ð °s â€Å"sÐ ¾ft edges,† in the sense thÐ °t they dÐ ¾ nÐ ¾t trigger discrete pÐ ¾licy chÐ °nges Ð °nd being just Ð ¾utside the rÐ °nge is nÐ ¾t cÐ ¾nsidered much different frÐ ¾m being just inside. The relation between inflation targets and central bank preferences has been thoroughly investigated. On one hand, there is a theoretical literature of Walsh (1995), Svensson (1997) that concludes that inflation targets can be used as a way of overcoming credibility problems because they can mimic optimal performance incentive contracts. On the other hand, there is an empirical literature (Bernanke et al. 1999), that looks whether inflation targets have been instrumental in reducing the policy-implied short-term trend rate of inflation. Broadly speaking, the evidence is that inflation targets have indeed brought about a change in policymakers inflation preferences. Unlike the relation between inflation targets and central bank preferences, a relatively underexplored issue is how to translate inflation targets into short-term

Robert Brownings The Laboratory and Carol Ann Duffys Havisham Essay Example for Free

Robert Brownings The Laboratory and Carol Ann Duffys Havisham Essay The Laboratory by Robert Browning and Havisham by Carol Ann Duffy are two poems which are representations of a womans revenge and fury that takes place when angered by a male. It is a guide to what havoc a womans wrath can cause just to get her revenge back. We also come to realise as to what length a woman can go and the malicious capacities she displays out of revenge. It shows that the actions of a man can turn the character of a woman from a calm, loving individual into that of a ferocious, almost wicked one. This is coined in a famous phrase Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned. In Carol Ann Duffys poem we see how outraged she is, as in the title of the poem she only mentions Havisham without specifying that she is Miss Havisham resenting the fact that she has been rejected by her lover. In heart breaking desperation she curses Not a day since then I havent wished him dead. Bitter resentment brought even a change in her life as the verse clearly shows: Whole days in bed cawing She degrades herself to the state of an animal, even a lonely one because she came unsocial. Due to his actions, she stereotypes every male and distrusts them as shown in the phrase Give me a male corpse for a long slow honeymoon. Similarly, in Robert Brownings poem we see a woman regretting having trusted a male; however she is more outraged by the fact that the husband has betrayed her, so she curses and plans to murder her rival. She seems desperate to get her revenge back, but also enjoy the time it takes to plan her murder. Both poems portray the phrase, Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned which means that even hell does not have the fury or rage to match a woman who has been deceived. This phrase was commonly used when women started to have equal rights as men. Although these poems carry similar meaning, revenge is expressed in different ways. In Carol Ann Duffys poem Havisham we see that the victim shows great signs of rejection, although she feels that she is powerless to do anything. She is constantly aware of her situation and curses her lover for his actions. Havisham seems very passive and pathetic, while the person in Robert Brownings poem seems much more aggressive, responsive and strong to her situation. Havisham is so mentally unstable that she is only able to hope evil things will happen to him, reminiscent of a kid who is powerless to do anything when opposed by someone bigger than them. The woman in Robert Brownings poem is possibly trying to reclaim back some power by planning to actually use physical force on the target. We can also derive from these facts that the two women differ in ages. Havisham is obviously the older woman as she describes herself in the sentence ropes on the back of my hands, which may mean that her skin is fragile such as that of an old person or from so much tensing and being angry. Her old age could also explain why she has such a passive personality. We see that she is very frustrated as she uses inappropriate language in the oxymoronic phrase Beloved sweetheart bastard. This shows more resentment and hatred to the husband. While in Robert Brownings poem we see that the woman is very aware of her beauty and she says Shes not little, no minion like me! This may suggest that her rival is larger, therefore unattractive. Since we know that she is younger and more energetic, it could be why she is deciding to use physical force. These two women feel pretty much the same about the men who disturbed them however, we see that in Havisham the woman detests all males, whilst in Robert Brownings poem we see that the woman wants another chance with the husband as she says on the last line Ere I know it next moment I dance at the Kings. Both women have very low self esteem as they cannot take it that they have been left and the man has departed. They cannot accept their own fate and this has made them very weak and they cannot keep control of their own lives. The woman in The Laboratory resents her rival who has attracted her husband. She feels that removing her rival would make things better and also she thinks that she will have her husband back as shown in the phrase next moment I dance at the Kings. In Havisham the lady bear a grudge to the man who has left her on the wedding her and she is astounded to be Spinster. In the phrase her, myself she is does not even recognise who she is and clearly does not want to be in such position. She clearly wants to cause damage but because of the circumstance she does not even bother as in the sentence till I suddenly bite awake and Bang. Both of these women are mentally unstable. In Havisham, we see that she has lost the power of speech. Since she has no-one to talk to she often makes animal noises as she believes that she has been rejected like an animal. This is in the phrase cawing Nooooo at the wall and Puce curses that are sounds not words., this also shows us that animals caw and make noises so we can derive that she is already mentally stable in behaving the ways she is. She has remained in her wedding dress since the day she was supposed to get married, this suggest that she will do anything to get married and cannot carry on without getting married. In Robert Brownings poem, we see that the lady is deranged as she imagines very evil thoughts towards her rivals Pauline and Elise. She has a certain pleasure watching the apothecary which is very unusual and suggests that she is missing pleasure from being with her husband. Both women are sexually frustrated at the fact that they have been left for someone else and they considered themselves degraded. In these poems a lot of gothic literature is used throughout to emphasize on the severity and longing of a male partner. It explores madness and isolation and is set in very old houses which fit the scene of horror and evil. The poem contains many supernatural and decay in them and vivid description of death and mysterious things. Both women act in an uncivilised manner such as the phrase the dress yellowing which could mean that she does not change them and urinates in them. This also makes her seem like an animal. In The Laboratory we see that the woman goes to a secret dark place to an alchemist for making her poison. This is all associated with gothic literature. Both poems carry very similar meanings and are expressed in different ways and the supposed audience is for people who treat women as possessions and does not recognise them as a favour. Both women have reacted in very different manners but carry a same important meaning. It reinforces the fact that women may cause ultimate harm if provoked and make men more aware of them. The women are similar because they have experience the same thing, they are just reacting in different ways to each other. Which way is more efficient is another question.

Lord Of The Flies - A Character Study Of Ralph Essay -- essays researc

This essay is a character study of Ralph, who is one of the main characters in William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies’. I have chosen to analyse Ralph’s character, as it is the character with which I feel that I can relate most closely. Ralph is probably the novel’s main character. This essay will include my identification of the major aspects of Ralph’s character and how he symbolises different themes, which are portrayed in the novel. I will cover in this what Ralph contributes to the plot of the novel, a description of Ralph’s appearance, his dreams, his attitude to being stranded on the island, how he relates to the other boys and how he organises the boys into becoming a self-dependent society. Ralph’s character plays a major part in the plot of ‘Lord of the Flies’. Ralph is the first character we meet in the novel and at first he seems to be very relaxed about the situation of being in unknown territory. The plot begins opens when Ralph and another boy, Piggy, discover each other and eventually decide through Piggy’s constant persistence to blow through a conch shell to see if there are any other people around. It turns out that there are many other boys stranded on the island and they begin to form a small community, which is controlled by Ralph who becomes the leader. Throughout the novel Ralph tries to keep the boys in order and to preserve a civilised society by showing constant faith that if they work together they will be rescued. He does this by encouraging them to keep a fire burning, which represents that faith, and to organise themselves into a unit equipped to handle the unpredictable situation. However, Ralph finds this increasingly d ifficult as the story progresses. Ralph begins to long and daydream of his civilised and normal past. Gradually, he becomes confused and began to lose clarity in his thoughts and speeches. "Ralph was puzzled by the shutter that flickered in his brain. There was something he wanted to say; then the shutter had come down." (p. 156) Suspicion arises that there may be a beast on the island and Jack the main choir boy, who is Ralph’s chief rival for leadership, forms a tribe and begins to encourage the other boys to ignore Ralph’s rule. Gradually many of the boys turn into savages and treat the island like their own playpen, with an incremental build up of evil in their behaviour. Another major character... ...order to give an understanding of the different powers that some people can posses over others. In William Golding's novel, Lord of the Flies Ralph though not the stronger person, demonstrates a better understanding of people which gives Ralph better leadership qualities than Jack, although he is ultimately not succesful. In a way Simon can be seen to represent Jesus Christ and Jack is evil and represents Belezebub. It is ironic that Jack starts out as the leader of the choir and ends up by being the most evil of the boys. Ralph is like Peter who was the disciple that Christ loved best and yet who betrayed Christ. In conclusion, Ralph is possibly the most heroic character in the book as he is, if you note, the only one who follows his belief and faith and this brings him through, even in the forest at the end, when it is him against the rest. In the end Ralph is a very ordinary boy who has almost been crushed by the opposition but despite recognising obvious weaknesses in himself, he always tries to understand what is going on around him and to understand himself and thus shows indubitable heroism. He is more heroic because of his weaknesses and his acceptance of his own guilt.

Supply Chain Management system of ‘Aarong’ Essay

1. Introduction: In today’s competitive world of Business competitive advantage can be gain by proper information system and developing that information system. Aarong information system is a sign of the modern business organization of Bangladesh. Supply chain management is the streamlining of a business’ supply-side activities to maximize customer value and to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Supply chain management (SCM) represents an effort by suppliers to develop and implement supply chains that are as efficient and economical as possible. Supply chains cover everything from production, to product development, to the information systems needed to direct these undertakings. 1.1. Background of the study: Aarong emanated from BRAC’s core mission of alleviating poverty and empowering people. In the 1970s, BRAC was examining any and all possibilities for alternative forms of productive livelihood, especially for women, and the proper commercialization of art and crafts turned out to be a promising option. In December 1978 when BRAC decided to open its own retail outlet under the brand name Aarong, meaning ‘village fair’, it broadened its arms to include other artisans and master craftsmen throughout Bangladesh who were involved in the making of handicrafts for generations, and were finding it extremely difficult to survive in the newly formed country. Ever since then Aarong has been helping to establish market linkages for rural artisans, revive crafts and interpret them for the contemporary marketplace. 1.2. Objective of the Study: The main objective of the report is to find out the supply chain management system of Aarong by using Management information system. The main objectives of these reports are, 1. To know Aarong’s information system 2. To know how they use MIS for supply chain management 3. To know the organizational structure of Aarong 4. To know the product promotion of Aarong 5. To know their office management 6. To know the communication structure of Aarong for the management of supply chain. 1.3. Limitation of the Study: In every research work there exist some limitations that the researcher faces while conducting different activities. In the process of research work, we also come across certain limitations that hampered the actual findings and analysis of our research work. Some of limitations can be identified are: 1. Employees of Aarong are usually busy with their daily work and activities, so it is quite impossible sometime to get time from them for getting information about our report. 2. Sometimes the authority does not provide their internal information which is very difficult to collect from any other sources. 3. This is quite difficult to collect all the data of supply chain management of Arong by using Management Information System. 2. Methodology of the study: Methodology is the life blood of a report. The methodology of these report’s are, 2.1. Data collection technique: 1. Questionnaire: A structured questionnaire was asked to the different people of different areas where the Aarongs super store is situated. 2. Observation: we were visited Aarong’s Mohammadpur Branch and observed their products prices and their shop’s environment. 3. Secondary information: secondary information has collected by reviewing websites, Journals and some other relevant documents. 2.2. Sources of Data Collection: 1. Primary Source: the primary information is gathered through informal interviews of the employees working over there under management level, their salesman who are directly involved with selling product and also observation while visiting the office premises. 2. Secondary Source: Secondary sources had also used to collect information. Secondary sources include: a. Features and articles published in newspapers and other journals. b. Visiting website of Aarong super store. 3. Current Scenario of Aarong: Today, Aarong’s reach has spread from where it started, Manikganj, to the rest of the country. From a single shop, Aarong has grown into one of Bangladesh’s biggest retail chains offering one-stop shopping experience through 10 stores spread across the major Metropolitan areas of the country – in Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna and Sylhet and one in London, UK. Aarong showcases over 100 product categories from clothing to household items, gifts and fashion accessories to children’s toys, ethnic wear to beautiful crafts, from silks, handloom cotton, Endi to Terracotta, bamboo, jute and much more. Aarong also plays the role of protector and promoter of traditional Bangladeshi products and designs. It houses an extensive design library where remnants of our rich craft heritage, such as Nakshikantha art and Jamdani patterns, have been widely researched and archived for present as well as future use. 3.1. Aarong’s Mission: Aarong’s mission is to help sustain rural craftsmanship and find a wider market for their product nationally and internationally. 3.2. Aarong’s Vision: Aarong has one outlet in London and exporting to other countries of North America, Europe and some Asian countries. Because of migrating Bangladeshis in those areas, they are targeting to make more franchising activities in those North American and European region. They basically are targeting those activities after fulfillment the customer demand in domestic market. 3.3. Products of Aarong: Some products picture is given below. 4. Aarong’s Supply Chain: Figure 1: Supply chain system of Aarong Aarong’s supply chain is the movement of materials as they flow from their source to the end customer. The whole supply chain of Aarong includes purchasing, manufacturing, warehousing, transportation, customer service;  demand planning, supply planning and Supply Chain management. It is made up of the employees, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product from Aarong’s supplier to its customer. 4.1. How Aarong’s Supply Chain Management System is build: Aarong’s supply chain management system is a group of things working together. Computers, fax machines, data storage system, operating personals, procedures for the employees and the most vital components of Aarong’s supply chain management system are its telecommunication system. Cell phones helped Aarong to create a communication network with every suppliers and transportation partners across the country. All this components work together to provide information to collect products, manage the suppliers, to provide services, create report etc. Different computer software’s are also used in the supply Chain management of Aarong but the main supply chain management software is developed by Aarong. This software is used for both supply chain planning and to help them to execute the supply chain steps. Aarong has hired trained professionals to operate its supply chain management system and keep updating. Aarong’s supply chain management system can be divided into two systems. Both of this system is vital for Aarong’s business. 1. Supply Chain Planning System and 2. Supply Chain Execution System. 4.2. Supply Chain Planning System: Aarong’s supply chain planning helps Aarong to create a model for its existing supply chain, its helps management to measure demand forecasts for different products and develop a way to find best source for meeting those demands and manufacturing plans. Aarong have turned to their customers for help. By communicating directly with customers about what they want and by getting their feedback on existing products, management are able to more accurately understand the needs and wants of their target audiences. With  this information, they can make a forecast that reflects customer reality. Furthermore, improved technology has of Aarong made it even easier to get their hands on customer feedback. The Website of Aarong for example, makes it possible for organization to communicate with customers in real-time, so they can then use the data immediately in their forecasts. Aarong has developed a central database for all the information and it gives access to suppliers and partners. These technology improvements along with real-time customer feedback have made it possible to more accurately predict revenue, profit, and sales in the near future. More accurate planning means that Aarong can work together with their vendors and distributors to outline a plan that makes sense based on those forecasts so that no one is put into a negative situation. Overall, supply chain planning is a critical component of Aarong’s supply chain management. Without accurate planning abilities, businesses end up cutting into their revenue unnecessarily and possibly putting vendors and distributors into difficult situations that may strain the supply chain relationships in the long run. 4.3. Supply Chain Execution System: Aarong’s supply chain execution system is mainly consists of its transportation partners. They manage the flow of products though distribution centers and warehouses to ensure the products are delivered to the right locations in the most efficient manner. Aarong track the physical status of goods, the Management of materials, warehouses, transportation operations and financial information involving all parties. 4.4. Aarong’s Supply Chain Management Process: 1. Planning: Aarong’s supply chain management planning starts at the top of the management. Management tries to balance out the demand and supply to meet Aarong’s sourcing, production, delivery and return requirements. 2. Sourcing: Aarong has large pool of sources to meets it supply. As the demand requires suppliers come up with raw materials and goods. Then it creates a product which we can exploit. 3. Making: Co-operatives comes up with final goods and they deliver them to  the final processing section of Aarong. The goods or products are ready to use for the customers. 4. Delivering: Aarong’s delivering process is managed by its own transportation. Aarong directly distributes its product to the consumers. Their job is to distribute shipments properly. â€Å"Just-in-time† is followed in delivery process. 5. Returning: Return process is consisting of product returns and post delivery customer support which is done by Aarong. Generally Aarong obtained their products to their consumers within 30days.Its also includes Aarong’s return process. 6. Logistics: Aarong’s top level management plans, supportive relation to their consumers and control of all other factors that have an impact on the supply chain. 4.5. Aarong’s Supply Chain Management Information Flow: Information flows from customers to Employee or from employees to operating personnel in the information system. Then information goes to the floor manager. Floor manager shows it to the consultants of Aarong. Consultant shows it to the top level management of Aarong. Top level orders its suppliers to modify, improve or create product to meet the customer demand. 4.6. Managerial Skills: Aarong has trained operating personnel for its accounting department and website. Operating personnel job is to maintain the information system and repair if any error ever occurs. Aarong’s operating personnel are highly qualified in their job sectors. Aarong’s information system is designed to be employee friendly. Employees do not have to know lot about technology to operate its regular applications. Its information system is very secure. Employees strictly follow all the principled rules. All customers’ orders, addresses or any kind of information is remaining private. Accuracy is practiced and monitored by operating personnel’s. Access of employee information is strictly forbidden. So Aarong has the ability to adjust  technology strategy alignment to accommodate the use of IT and manage business process. The Internet has emerged in the recent past as a dynamic medium for channeling transactions between customers and firms in virtual marketplace. In particular, the World Wide Web has emerged as a powerful new channel for supply chain, rendering many intermediaries obsolete, and drastically revamping the value chain. So Aarong has taken the opportunity to expand its business through net. Aarong’s employees can see as an asset for this kind of expansion. But in our country the growth in e-business seems slow although internet is challenging the traditional supply chain structures that firms have employed to get goods and services to market. Aarong has re-evaluated their value proposition to customers, and meet the challenges of more nimble rivals. Aarong seems to be one of the organization which is interested provide online based order and information system to its customer. So Aarong has a very dazzling managerial skill in internet based supply chain. 4.7. Aarong’s performance improvements by Supply Chain Management: 4.8. Competitive Advantage of Aarong’s Supply Chain Management System: Competitor analysis in marketing is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of current and potential competitors. This analysis provides both an offensive and defensive strategic context through which to identify opportunities and threats. Competitor profiling coalesces all of the relevant sources of competitor analysis into one framework in the support of efficient and effective strategy formulation, implementation, monitoring and adjustment. Aarong has its own version of the competitive analysis and its function is clear: to line up your product with other products and show where yours falls short and where yours is superior. Each industry brings a different spin to this old favorite and user experience design has its own set of criteria by which to judge competitors. 5. Graphical Analysis: A structured questionnaire was asked to the different people of different areas where the Aarongs super store is situated. We surveyed this questionnaire of Aarongs employees and gather much information about supply  chain management. On this basis we made some graphical chart for showing some important issue. 5.1. Systems are currently used in Aarong: For the calculation see Table no: 2 at page 19 5.2. Facing the problems below when using these systems: For the calculation see Table no: 2 at page 19 5.3. Competitors Analysis of Aarong: Aarong has competitive advantage over its competitors on almost every factor. Only few companies have ability to chase some sort of advantage like Aarong. Such as qualities and innovativeness, Kay-Kraft and Anjan’s supplier, Rang’s color and Khubsoorti’s cost. Aarong has gain competitive advantage through its supply chain management system. Aarong has a vast network system with its thousands of suppliers and manufacturers which gave Aarong superior production and resource allocation power. Competitors do not have power that can match Aarong’s production capability so they are losing shelves. SCM keeps track of its supplier and its inventory properly so there less costly and hustle free for the employees. Performance of service has increased more than its competitors so there are more satisfied customers of Aarong. 6. Conclusion: There is a reason why Aarong is at the forefront of the urban fashion-scene. Their innovative clothing line fuses ethnic wear with global trends using traditional Bangladeshi materials. Aarong is a support enterprise of BRAC. A significant portion of their earnings are invested towards improving the socio-economic standards of disadvantaged artisans and underprivileged rural women of various communities. Aarong organizational vision will be achieved smoothly and that is the women will be empowered through â€Å"grass-root level women entrepreneur development† and this empowerment will change the overall scenario of economic condition. 7. Recommendations: With multiple stores in Dhaka, Aarong is a leader in superstore retail  organizations. The combination of quality and price under various brand name offers customers value for their money. We have examined and evaluated the operations of Aarong. We recommended the following in to order to ensure continued success for the future of all Marks and Spencer stores. 1. Find alternative sources to marks and Spencer stores abroad. 2. Increased marketing efforts.

Social Class Students With Separate Resources For Meeting...

Jessica McCrory Calarco underwent a study to determine if different social class backgrounds equipped students with separate resources for meeting teachers’ expectations and if some students’ backgrounds offered more advantages. She also sought to discover if these differing class backgrounds led to students requesting help more or less often and if they did so through different strategies. Calarco observed elementary children and how they acted when they needed assistance from the teacher. Although some people may believe that children receive unequal opportunities from the school system, Calarco’s study indicates that children may be vital in providing opportunities for themselves. Calarco discusses how children’s roles in the schooling process are poorly studied and understood. Students are often seen as passive recipients of opportunities provided by parents and the school and prior literature has done very little to disprove this. However, Calarco sho ws that children also have a role in obtaining opportunities in the classroom. In addition, prior literature has not paid enough attention to how social classes have specifically created a cultural capital for students in order to gain advances in the classroom. Rather, prior literature focuses on other aspects. Calarco’s study helped clear any gaps in the study of children’s social stratification. The article reviews previous relevant studies and debates areas that needed further research. Some preceding studies haveShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Developing Good Home School Connections844 Words   |  4 Pageshome-school connections. When communication between parents and teachers are made, it has been found that students are more successful and happier (Jensen, 2006). By building home-school connections, teacher relationships with both students and parents improved (Stetson, Stetson, Sinclair Nix, 2012). 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